性能分析

@profile

@profile <expression> runs your expression while taking periodic backtraces. These are appended to an internal buffer of backtraces.

clear()

Clear any existing backtraces from the internal buffer.

print([io::IO = stdout,] [data::Vector = fetch()], [lidict::Union{LineInfoDict, LineInfoFlatDict} = getdict(data)]; kwargs...)

Prints profiling results to io (by default, stdout). If you do not supply a data vector, the internal buffer of accumulated backtraces will be used.

The keyword arguments can be any combination of:

• format – Determines whether backtraces are printed with (default, :tree) or without (:flat) indentation indicating tree structure.

• C – If true, backtraces from C and Fortran code are shown (normally they are excluded).

• combine – If true (default), instruction pointers are merged that correspond to the same line of code.

• maxdepth – Limits the depth higher than maxdepth in the :tree format.

• sortedby – Controls the order in :flat format. :filefuncline (default) sorts by the source line, :count sorts in order of number of collected samples, and :overhead sorts by the number of samples incurred by each function by itself.

• groupby – Controls grouping over tasks and threads, or no grouping. Options are :none (default), :thread, :task, [:thread, :task], or [:task, :thread] where the last two provide nested grouping.

• noisefloor – Limits frames that exceed the heuristic noise floor of the sample (only applies to format :tree). A suggested value to try for this is 2.0 (the default is 0). This parameter hides samples for which n <= noisefloor * √N, where n is the number of samples on this line, and N is the number of samples for the callee.

• mincount – Limits the printout to only those lines with at least mincount occurrences.

• recur – Controls the recursion handling in :tree format. :off (default) prints the tree as normal. :flat instead compresses any recursion (by ip), showing the approximate effect of converting any self-recursion into an iterator. :flatc does the same but also includes collapsing of C frames (may do odd things around jl_apply).

• threads::Union{Int,AbstractVector{Int}} – Specify which threads to include snapshots from in the report. Note that this does not control which threads samples are collected on (which may also have been collected on another machine).

• tasks::Union{Int,AbstractVector{Int}} – Specify which tasks to include snapshots from in the report. Note that this does not control which tasks samples are collected within.

print([io::IO = stdout,] data::Vector, lidict::LineInfoDict; kwargs...)

Prints profiling results to io. This variant is used to examine results exported by a previous call to retrieve. Supply the vector data of backtraces and a dictionary lidict of line information.

See Profile.print([io], data) for an explanation of the valid keyword arguments.

init(; n::Integer, delay::Real)

Configure the delay between backtraces (measured in seconds), and the number n of instruction pointers that may be stored per thread. Each instruction pointer corresponds to a single line of code; backtraces generally consist of a long list of instruction pointers. Note that 6 spaces for instruction pointers per backtrace are used to store metadata and two NULL end markers. Current settings can be obtained by calling this function with no arguments, and each can be set independently using keywords or in the order (n, delay).

fetch(;include_meta = true) -> data

Returns a copy of the buffer of profile backtraces. Note that the values in data have meaning only on this machine in the current session, because it depends on the exact memory addresses used in JIT-compiling. This function is primarily for internal use; retrieve may be a better choice for most users. By default metadata such as threadid and taskid is included. Set include_meta to false to strip metadata.

retrieve(; kwargs...) -> data, lidict

"Exports" profiling results in a portable format, returning the set of all backtraces (data) and a dictionary that maps the (session-specific) instruction pointers in data to LineInfo values that store the file name, function name, and line number. This function allows you to save profiling results for future analysis.

callers(funcname, [data, lidict], [filename=<filename>], [linerange=<start:stop>]) -> Vector{Tuple{count, lineinfo}}

Given a previous profiling run, determine who called a particular function. Supplying the filename (and optionally, range of line numbers over which the function is defined) allows you to disambiguate an overloaded method. The returned value is a vector containing a count of the number of calls and line information about the caller. One can optionally supply backtrace data obtained from retrieve; otherwise, the current internal profile buffer is used.

clear_malloc_data()

Clears any stored memory allocation data when running julia with --track-allocation. Execute the command(s) you want to test (to force JIT-compilation), then call clear_malloc_data. Then execute your command(s) again, quit Julia, and examine the resulting *.mem files.