动态链接器

dlopen(libfile::AbstractString [, flags::Integer]; throw_error:Bool = true)

Load a shared library, returning an opaque handle.

The extension given by the constant dlext (.so, .dll, or .dylib) can be omitted from the libfile string, as it is automatically appended if needed. If libfile is not an absolute path name, then the paths in the array DL_LOAD_PATH are searched for libfile, followed by the system load path.

The optional flags argument is a bitwise-or of zero or more of RTLD_LOCAL, RTLD_GLOBAL, RTLD_LAZY, RTLD_NOW, RTLD_NODELETE, RTLD_NOLOAD, RTLD_DEEPBIND, and RTLD_FIRST. These are converted to the corresponding flags of the POSIX (and/or GNU libc and/or MacOS) dlopen command, if possible, or are ignored if the specified functionality is not available on the current platform. The default flags are platform specific. On MacOS the default dlopen flags are RTLD_LAZY|RTLD_DEEPBIND|RTLD_GLOBAL while on other platforms the defaults are RTLD_LAZY|RTLD_DEEPBIND|RTLD_LOCAL. An important usage of these flags is to specify non default behavior for when the dynamic library loader binds library references to exported symbols and if the bound references are put into process local or global scope. For instance RTLD_LAZY|RTLD_DEEPBIND|RTLD_GLOBAL allows the library's symbols to be available for usage in other shared libraries, addressing situations where there are dependencies between shared libraries.

If the library cannot be found, this method throws an error, unless the keyword argument throw_error is set to false, in which case this method returns nothing.

dlopen_e(libfile::AbstractString [, flags::Integer])

Similar to dlopen, except returns C_NULL instead of raising errors. This method is now deprecated in favor of dlopen(libfile::AbstractString [, flags::Integer]; throw_error=false).

RTLD_DEEPBIND
RTLD_FIRST
RTLD_GLOBAL
RTLD_LAZY
RTLD_LOCAL
RTLD_NODELETE
RTLD_NOLOAD
RTLD_NOW

Enum constant for dlopen. See your platform man page for details, if applicable.

dlsym(handle, sym)

Look up a symbol from a shared library handle, return callable function pointer on success.

dlsym_e(handle, sym)

Look up a symbol from a shared library handle, silently return C_NULL on lookup failure. This method is now deprecated in favor of dlsym(handle, sym; throw_error=false).

dlclose(handle)

Close shared library referenced by handle.

dlclose(::Nothing)

For the very common pattern usage pattern of

try
    hdl = dlopen(library_name)
    ... do something
finally
    dlclose(hdl)
end

We define a dlclose() method that accepts a parameter of type Nothing, so that user code does not have to change its behavior for the case that library_name was not found.

dlext

File extension for dynamic libraries (e.g. dll, dylib, so) on the current platform.

find_library(names, locations)

Searches for the first library in names in the paths in the locations list, DL_LOAD_PATH, or system library paths (in that order) which can successfully be dlopen'd. On success, the return value will be one of the names (potentially prefixed by one of the paths in locations). This string can be assigned to a global const and used as the library name in future ccall's. On failure, it returns the empty string.

DL_LOAD_PATH

When calling dlopen, the paths in this list will be searched first, in order, before searching the system locations for a valid library handle.